I don't know. Here we just call them subcultures. Scene is something I heard Americans use on the net to describe them.
From Wikipedia:
The name was originally derived from "scene queen", a derogatory term within the 1970s glam rock scene for any heterosexual musician who pretended to be gay and later applied to poseurs within the UK goth, heavy metal and punk subcultures.[8] By the 2000s, this term was replaced with "scene kid", later shortened to "scene." It was widely used by members of the American skater subculture to put down younger hangers-on viewed as being more interested in alternative or designer clothes than skateboarding.[9] Later, "scene queen" itself was adopted by leading female members of the modern subculture who were unaware of its original meaning, like supermodel Audrey Kitching.
Also, if you call scene kids "subcultures," than what do you call other...subcultures?